An advanced full-field imaging method using 3D image correlation photogrammetry is being used for measuring the tremendous variations in real biological mechanical systems such as bones, tendons, ligaments, and even tissues such as blood vessels. This measurement method has far greater dynamic range than other full-field imaging technologies, making these measurements possible. In addition, 3D image correlation technology is simpler to use and less expensive to implement. It is also inherently three-dimensional, measuring total deformation of complex objects including their shape, rather than just relative deformation. The dynamic range of the 3D image correlation technology allows the operator to measure the event that is occurring, rather than modifying the event to meet the requirements of the measurement method. This is critical for sensitive and typically unpredictable biological systems. The events can be in microns to millimeters of deformation, static or dynamic, with no requirement for sub-micron stability. Furthermore, the use of stroboscopic illumination enables dynamic response measurements beyond the capability of pulsed ESPI systems. The full-field data can then be compared with finite element models for directly comparing the theoretical with the experimental. Image correlation has its foundations in the precise measurements of metallic and composite material testing. This paper will discuss the theory of the technology and its applications in the complex world for biomechanics and biomimetics studies. | 
